Creating Offline Time

Parents want to know: What is right amount of Screentime? 

Parents always ask me for a specific number of hours. With younger kids it’s easy to recommend (following the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations) to limit screen time for children under 2 to avoid media use, preschools to have no more than 1 hour of high-quality programing, and grade-schooler/ teens to not let media displace other important activities. 

With remote learning and as kids get older and need to use devices for homework, research and as a socialization outlet the waters get a little murky. I would then encourage parents to instead focus on the time spent offline. Not only is this easier to calculate, it also makes it more manageable. Personally I like to encourage my kids to get at least 2 hours of outside time in everyday (and yes this includes the rain and the cold of winter). We usually make this time spent together taking the dog for a walk, playing a game of soccer/ basketball, or exploring the woods near our house. If outdoors isn’t your thing, cooking up a snack or treat in the kitchen, playing a board game, getting a workout in, or crafting could be great options for offline time. Our kids (especially once they have their own devices) may need help making a list of potential offline activities. This may seem crazy but for kids mindlessly scrolling Instagram or playing a mindless game on their phone is simple and easy. Helping them brainstorm a list of non-screen ideas gives them a jumping off point for offline time. 

Some ideas for offline time may include: 

• Taking a walk
• Playing a board game
• Reading a book
• Playing a board game
• Playing their favorite sport (soccer, basketball, etc.)
• Dancing to their favorite songs
• Making something (legos, beading, crafts, making a card, painting, drawing, etc.)
• Cooking something (snack, dinner prep, treat)
• Cleaning their room 
• Doing a load of laundry 
• Yard work (pick up sticks/ leaves. shoveling snow)
• Play a card game
• Doing a puzzle 
• Creating a skit/ show with costumes (can even be videoed and sent to grandparents) 
• Choreographing a dance (again can be videos and sent to grandparents— not for TikTok)

As a parent creating a screen-free time for the entire family EVERYDAY is a helpful strategy for creating offline experiences. This can be a family rule of screen-free dinners. If you find your kids are rushing through dinner to get back to their phones, then having a set time (like from 6-7pm) every day where everyone in the family (and YES THAT MEANS YOU TOO) have to put phones away. The most important part of screen-free time is that you the parent follows the rule as well to set the example for the child that offline time is important to create a healthy tech relationship. If you can’t put your phone away for an hour or during the meal, how can you expect your child to do the same? 

Educational Websites Resources List

Educational Websites List 

High School Educational Websites List

Parenting in the Digital Age Infographic

Mindfulness Apps

Summer Break

School is almost out for Summer Break (whether or not we are ready to have the kids home). It's easy to start the summer off saying we are going to have screen time limits and then 2 weeks pass and boredom and frustration set it and the next thing you know the kids are watching Netflix marathons and haven't gotten out of the pajamas in days. To avoid this scenario, approach the summer with a set plan for media use. A good start is creating a Family Media Plan and then adjusting for the summer months. A summer chart check list can also be helpful in setting up your child for a healthy and balanced summer break. 

What's a Family Media Plan you might ask? A Family Media Plan is a set of guidelines customized to your family values that establishes how, when and where technology is used. It can include screen-free times, screen-free zones, device curfew, safety and digital citizenship. The simple act of having a discussion about media use in your household will hep your family identify the purpose of using technology (work, school work, social interactions, communication, games, etc) and create a balance between your online and off-line lives. Over the summer months kids can easily play video games, binge Netflix's or text into the night hours, then sleep half the day away and get nothing accomplished. Check out a full article on the topic here: https://www.teachingdigitalliteracy.com/2018/09/creating-family-media-plan.html

Here's a quick chart to help keep kids on track during the summer months and create a healthy routine yet still allow them to enjoy their extra screen time. 

This chart can easily be adjusted based on your child's age or developmental level. We typical do 'homeschool' time right after breakfast which includes summer workbook and reading time while my boys are most focused, least tired and the least likely to push-back on doing the work. It's important to find your own grove with what works for your family. 

Happy Summer!

Decoding Teenage Texting/ Messaging

Ways to Open Communication with your kids

Questions to open communication about 

Technology with your kids

One of the most challenging things as a parent can be getting our kids to open up and talk to us. Here’s a quick list of open- ended questions to help open those lines of communication: 

1.  Which app or game is your favorite? 

2.  When was the last time you updated your privacy or security features? Why don’t   

      we take a look together and make sure your device is updated securely? 

3.  What do you like most about (insert their favorite app/ social platform or game i.e. 

      Snapchat, Fortnite, Instagram, etc.)? 

4.  What are the problems that come up over an argument over text, DM or email?

5.  What do you think are the short and long term consequences of posting a certain 

      photo or video? (Can insert sexy photo, party video or photo, offensive language, 

      inappropriate language, etc.)

• Can lead into short term it could affect school, a sports team, friendships, etc.
• Can lead into long term could affect college application, employment, reputation, etc. 

6.   How would you react if you saw someone being bullied online? Have you ever 

      been targeted or bullied online? What would you do if you were ever targeted       

      online and felt bullied?  

7.   Have you ever come across racist, sexist, or hate-based content while online? How 

      did it make you feel? What did you do in that situation? 

8.   Has anyone ever posted a photo/ video of you without your permission? How did 

       it make you feel? 

9.   Have you ever posted a photo/ video of someone without their permission?

10. Have you ever come across something online that made you feel uncomfortable? 

       What did you do? 

*These are a baseline of questions for an older child (think middle school and older) but they can be adjusted based on developmental level and age of the child. For younger children you can use simplified language such as ‘have you seen someone being mean online’ or ‘did something you saw online confuse you’.

The larger point here is to talk about these topics, and to revisit and talk often. We want our kids to feel as comfortable talking about cyberbullying as they are telling you what they did during recess that day. Make these conversations consistent and normalized.  

It’s can also be helpful to talk during those routine moments like the ride to school, bedtime, cooking, throwing the ball around or over a meal. Kids can be intimidated by eye contact so sitting next to them can also be helpful. Paying attention to the small details, summarizing the story and asking prompting or clarifying questions can help keep the conversation moving and get the real story out. 

These conversations need to start happening the moment your child picks up a device. Starting at age 2 or 3 when they first start trying to pick up your phone or are beginning exploration within early learning apps are the beginning moments to start these conversations. Obviously the conversation will be be very different with a toddler versus a teen. 

Young Children, Tweens and Digital Use

Tweens and Digital Media Use

 Let’s talk about tweens and digital media usage. I frequently get asked by parents of my Middle Schoolers for recommendations regarding their tweens and smartphones, social media, gaming, and various Apps. I think for most parents this is a hard topic to discuss, discipline, enforce and parent on. 

COPPA

Let’s start this discussion by addressing the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). The goal of COPPA is to give parents the control in what information is being collected on children under the age of 13 online. This rule applies to websites and online services (including mobile apps) that are directed to children under the age of 13 that collect, use or disclose personal information to children and require parental consent as well as posting a clear and comprehensive online privacy policy. This rule defines personal information to include: name, home address, contact information, username, telephone number social security number, photography, video or audio file, persistent identifies, and geolocation information.

So your tween is begging for a smartphone

So with COPPA in mind most social media apps (since they collect certain information) like FaceBook, Instagram, Snapchat and YouTube require kids be 13 to sign up (again kids could easily lie and say they are 13 to create an account). Personally 13 is around the age most kids are expressing a desire to control more of their own social activities including joining a social network and pushing parents for a smartphone. Depending on the maturity of the kid, if your child is expressing an interest in social media, a discussion on why they are interested as well as the pros/cons is the first step you can take together. It’s important to discuss that social media doesn’t always reflect real life (many accounts post only the “happy, posed and perfect” images). Body image, gender stereotypes and risky behavior are some of the issues that can be found within social media as well. 

If you feel they are responsible and able to handle having their own social media presence, the next step is setting some ground rules and boundaries. These should include privacy settings (no location service, account private, etc.), knowing who they are following/ followers are (and allowing the parent to follow/friend), teaching about digital footprint (thinking through before they post, comment or message), digital citizenship (being respectful, no cyberbullying, etc.), and keeping private information private (don’t share address, school, or other sensitive info someone could use to find you in person).

Finally we need to address various situations that they could encounter online within these social media settings. Things such as what to do if they see or come across hate speech, cyberbullying, or sexually explicit/ pornographic images. These are uncomfortable conversations to have but our children need to know that they can come to use in they encounter something they find scary, frightening, uncomfortable or even curious about. We don’t want our children feeling like they need to hide or keep secret their online behavior. They may not even seek out these types of things but theres a good chance they will come across it at some point (even with parental controls on). Teaching them what to do in these situation and that they can come to you without judgement will help them explore their social media presence safely and confidently. 

To recap:

1. Talk about why they want a social media account. Discuss the pros/cons of digital media, digital footprint and online presence 
• Unrealistic body image
• Portrays risky behaviors as common and normal when thats not the case
• Harmful stereotypes (gender, racial, etc.) can still be found 
2. Set some ground rules
• No location services
• Keep account private 
• Know followers/ who following
• Impact of digital footprint 
• Keep private info private
3. Talk through potential scenarios they could encounter and how they would handle those situations 
• Hate Speech
• Cyberbullying
• Pornographic or sexual explicit images 
• Uncomfortable or odd messages from strangers

Ground Rules 

After setting some rules regarding keeping accounts privacy, it’s also a good idea to set some house ground rules. These can include no phones in bedrooms, no using 30 minutes before bedtime, no phones during mealtime/ family time and no social media use while doing homework. Once you introduce a phone to your tween/ teen I recommend updating your Family Media Use Plan to include the ground rules regarding cellphones so that the expectations of what is allowed/ not allowed is clear from the beginning. 

Another basic rule is that you should be able to follow your child’s accounts and if your child’s behavior changes (becomes moody, isolated, grades decline, etc.) then you may need to check the accounts (including personal DM’s, messages, etc.). This is not done out of mis-trust but out of concern and to create open communication. 

It also should be discussed that cell phones shouldn’t be used while driving a car or even walking. The National Safety Council estimated that cell phones are involved in 27% of crashes. Safe Kids Worldwide found that 40% of kids age 13-18 said they have been hit or nearly hit by a car, bike or motorcycle while walking. 

So how do you address a child under 13 who wants to join a social network? 

Frequently parents are looking for permission to feel better about kids younger than 13 joining social networks. The fact of the matter is that sites like Instagram and Snapchat have inappropriate images and language as well as mature content that is not meant for children. Social media apps can also be addicting, show advertisements and show unrealistic body images as well as ‘perfect and curated images’ that have been edited and photoshopped which portray an unrealistic reality. The best advice I can give for parents of children under 13 is to find like-minded parents in your children’s friends group and make a pact to ban social media until your children are 13. This will help create a environment where your child as well as their friends are in the same boat regarding social media accounts (and makes you less of a bad guy as the parent). Parenting is hard but we must make these difficult decisions to protect our children until they are developmentally able to handle a online presence. 

No matter when you feel your child is ready for a social media presence (heck I know that the parent knows their child best) these strategies will be useful in setting up the ground rules so that your child can have a tech-positive experience with social media. And the fact of the matter is some kids are still too immature at 13. This decision is a case by case, kid by kid decision that each parent needs to make when you feel your child is 100% able to handle the responsibility. Our kids already have a presence online (even if you’ve tried to limit it) with what parents, relatives, etc. have shared and when they become a certain age they are going to want to independently explore and create their own presence. The best thing we parents can do is check-in frequently (just like asking how their day at school was, we should be consistently asking how things are going online) and continue the hard conversations so that are children can grow to be independent, autonomous and happy. 

The following shares a sample social connections chart that outlines an approach to slowly building your child’s online social network. This starts with parents knowing all contacts/ friends/ followers.

SmartPhones, Sleep, and Healthy Habits

Tweens and Teens still need 8-10 hours of sleep a night (according to the AAP). A smart phone and devices can interrupt not only sleep but other healthy habits (such a exercise and homework time). I always recommend to parents that phones and devices should not be allowed in the bedroom. This helps with your child going to sleep when they go to bed at night. This also creates an open environment where communication can occur with your child about what they are doing on their phones/ devices since they’re not using it in a isolated space like the bedroom. 

Every child is different and the choice of when to give a smartphone and social media profile will vary based on the child and their development and maturity. As long as our kids use smartphones and devices, ongoing conversations will be necessary so that they can become competent digital users. As parents and educations we want our children to have the tools to navigate technology and become technological literate and good digital citizens. 

Please follow us @TeachingDigitalLiteracy on Instagram for weekly quotes, inspiration and helpful information about technology.

Apps for Preschoolers (2-5)

Finding Balance with Devices Visual Aid

Since I'm a visual person I regularly utilize visual aids when teaching. Here is the visual from an earlier blog post that provides tips for your kids to help find a balance with Technology so it doesn't interfere negatively into their routines and life. 

You can find the original blog post with more information here: https://www.teachingdigitalliteracy.com

Creating a Positive Relationship with Technology:

As parents we need to set the standard regarding technology use. If we want our kids to develop a healthy online/offline balance, they need to see us as parents doing the same. 

How to create a positive relationship with Technology: 

• Sets boundaries regarding Technology use
• Set screen-time limits, downtime and screen-free times for yourself. This could include screen-free meals, screen-free zones in the house (like the bedroom or dinning room), and downtime (like before bed). I also like to include app limits (like on social media apps) so that I'm reminded when I've hit a certain time. Since I do need to use social media for blogging and growing my page by setting app limits I'm more purposeful when I am using the app and don't get sucked into the mindless searching or scrolling that sometimes occurs on these apps. This could also mean restricting device-use in bedrooms so that everyone can get a better nights sleep.
• Sets tech-positive environment 
• How do you look at technology? Is it a tool to make your life easier? Creating a tech-positive environment is about how you react and look at technology. If we can demonstrate that there our times for technology use and times (like family time or meal time) where we unplug we can help create a balance. Try not to judge what your child might be interested in. Certain apps, games and YouTube videos may seem odd to you but try and ask why your child is interested in them. Using curiosity instead of judgement will help foster a tech-positive environment and open communication. Creating a Family Media Plan and following it as a family will also help create a tech-positive environment. 
• Models acceptable and respectful online activities 
• When online we as parents should use positive language and show our kids positive social interactions. We can also demonstrate consent by asking our kids permission before posting images or videos of them. If we can model acceptable online behavior our kids will follow suit. 

Please follow us @TeachingDigitalLiteracy on Instagram for weekly quotes, inspiration and helpful information about technology. 

Setting Up Parental Controls in YouTube Kids

I have always had a love/hate relationship with YouTube and YouTube Kids. It offers a wealth of useful how-to videos and interesting clips but kids can easily fall down a rabbit hole of odd, weird and sometimes inappropriate videos. I have resisted setting up the YouTube Kids App on my 5 year olds iPad. With the onset of complaints from parents regarding inappropriate videos YouTube Kids has been updated with new parent safety controls that make me feel  more comfortable in letting my son use the app. 

How to Set up Parental Controls on YouTube Kids: 

Photo: YouTube Kids

1. Open Settings 
2. Select Child’s profile 
3. Go to “approved content only.” Add channels (like PBS Kids or Sesame Street) that you approve. *This turns off your kids ability to search for content and only will show them channels you approve. 

Some things to note about YouTube Kids’ New Features: 

• There is an older kids mode (geared towards age 8-12) which offers more content such as music and gaming videos. 
• You can add different children into the App so that each child has there own profile with safety setting and channels and search capabilities set to the specific child’s developmental ability. 
• Time Limits can also be set. 
• Block videos you don’t want your kids viewing 
• Check out what your kids are watching with ‘Watch History’

Photo: YouTube Kids

Learn to Read Apps & Websites

Technology: A tool or a distraction?

Is Technology a distraction for your Child? Is homework taking hours every night? Is your kid waking up tired because their sleep is being disrupted by devices or notifications? 

These are serious questions parents have regarding their young tween or teenager. I frequently hear these issues brought up by parents as a major concern of technology; Is it a distraction for my kid? 

Tips to help your kids find balance with Technology: 

• Turn off the Wifi: Have kids do their offline work first (even an online assignment or post can be written separately and then uploaded) to help them focus on the task at hand. 
• Remove other devices: If they are working on the computer, the phone doesn't need to be right next to them. It will only be a cause of distraction if a notification comes up. If they insist on having it next to them, turn on the ‘Do not disturb’ setting to help minimize distractions. 
• Make them sit in the kitchen or dinning room instead of their room: Some kids need a little help staying on task and being in the same room will help. 
• Use apps, settings or website blockers to block distractions: Along with turning off WifI you can use tools like Freedom or Leechblock or screen-time limits to block out the distractions. While not all kids will appreciate these tools, it’s nice to know they are available if needed.  
• Model for your kids: It’s important that kids see you putting your phone away during screen free time/ family time or meals. I also found talking about how my productivity goes down when I’m distracted by social media or checking email if I’m in the middle of writing and have a deadline due. 
• Setting time limits: Again this depends on the kid, but setting a time limit for the online work can help some kids focus on the task at hand. 
• Print text: Some kids have a hard time focusing when reading text and articles online. The environmentalist in me hates suggesting this strategy but the teacher in me knows that some learners benefit from having the physical paper in front of them. This allows them to highlight and take notes and takes away the temptation factor when reading text online.  

Every child is different and limiting tech distractions will vary based on the child. It’s easy to get frustrated with our children's inability to focus when using Technology and devices. Instead of getting frustrated try helping them set up strategies for removing distractions. In a 2017 Study of College students published in the Journal of Social Psychological and Personality the authors found that successful goal- attainment was not in fact due to ones self-control but actually attributed to eliminating temptation (aka distractions). As parents we can start teaching strategies to eliminate distractions when our kids are young so that they can be successful when they get to college and beyond. If we take away the idea that self- control is linked to success and emphasis eliminating distractions, we are giving our children tangible strategies they can use to attain their goals. 

Milyavskaya, M., & Inzlicht, M. (2017). What’s So Great About Self-Control? Examining the Importance of Effortful Self-Control and Temptation in Predicting Real-Life Depletion and Goal Attainment. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(6), 603–611. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550616679237

8 Internet Safety Tips to Teach your Kids

8 Internet Safety Tips to Teach your Kids: 

1. Be mindful what you share 

• Does the website ask for specific information such as your name, school, etc. Don’t give away information that someone can trace back to your home/school/et and track your down. 

2. Turn off location services and set privacy settings 

• It’s important that our kids know to turn off location services and set privacy settings on social media platforms. 

3. Always log out of your accounts

• Get your kids in the habit of logging out when in school/library so the next user can’t access their information

4. Never share your passwords (and don’t use the same password for everything) 

5. Think about who you friend/ follow (and don’t feel like you need to reciprocate a friend/  
     follow)

• Encourage your kids to only follow people they personally know (and to not follow or friend someone just because so-and-so knows them). As a parent of a beginning social media user (Elementary age) you should know everyone in their contacts list and everyone they follow/ friend. 

6. Don’t fall for clickbait (articles that have crazy or interesting catch phrases to get you to 
    click on the link) 

7. Keep tabs on your digital footprint 

• Google yourself, think about what photos are posted of you, think about the comments you are leaving. All these marks create a “digital persona” of you online.

8. Don’t respond or click on mysterious messages

• Hackers and scammers are very creative and will try to get you to open and click on links that download virus’ to your device (or access data/ information). Be wary of any message from someone your don’t know. Grammar mistakes, odd wording and seems to good to be true messages should always raise a red flag. 

What is Digital Citizenship?

With this week being Common Sense Media's Digital Citizenship Week (October 15th -19th) I thought it would be a good idea to touch on the subject. It's important to remember that just because our children our tech-savy and seem to pick up technology quickly, it doesn't mean they understand how to be a good digital citizen.

What is Digital Citizenship? 

Digital Citizenship is the skills and knowledge to navigate the online world safely, responsibly and competently. 

It’s how we behave, act, and think when online. 

Common Sense Education has a FREE Digital Citizenship Curriculum with 80 lessons with support materials for grades K-12 that align to the Common Core State Standards, the International Society for Technology in Education’s National Education Technology Standards (ISTE’s NET•S), and the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) Standards. These student- centered, media rich lesson address the various aspects of teaching digital competency. As a parent you can ask your school to see if they are teaching about Digital Citizenship. I know as a Technology teacher our 6-12 Technology department addresses these topics within our comprehensive curriculum. As an education utilizing these FREE resources will help empower our students to think critically, behave responsibly and safely, and navigate and evaluate what they see online. 

Tips for approaching Screen-time with young children:

• OBSERVE the child’s behavior. When using high-quality, age-appropriate media, kids will exhibit positive behavior. 

• SCREEN what the child is watching, viewing and playing before they do. There is no criteria to be an “educational app” even though many apps parents find in the app store label themselves as such yet have no research supporting this claim. Choosing shows, movies, apps, and games that are age-appropriate is key for learning to occur. 
• For children under 18 months media should be avoided (except video-chatting). 
• For children 18-24 months viewing high quality media with the child is most effective (avoid solo media use at this age). 
• For children 2-5 years old, co-viewing is the most effective way to use media, limit to under 2 hours a day, avoid fast-paced media, avoid those with advertisements, and talk with children about what they are viewing and try to make a connection to the world around them. 

• DIVERSIFY the media. Not all media was created equal; passively watching TV is very different than an educational app or game. As children get older they will be using computes and devices in schools and a set amount of screen time will be difficult to enforce. Time spent with technology should be diversified over apps, gaming, research and homework, social networking and entertainment. The goal is for children to be well-adjusted socially and emotionally both online and offline.

• TURN OFF background television as it can distract children from creative play and can limit parent-child interactions. 

• TALK with the child about what they are viewing, why they find it interesting and how it makes them feel. Create an open dialogue. As children get older they may come across images, comments or content that is hateful, inappropriate or makes them uncomfortable. If you approach social media and technology with open dialogue, if a situation arises the child will come to you and you can work through it.

• Create a MEDIA PLAN that works for your family and then enforce it consistently. This could include screen-free times such as during dinner or having screen-free rooms like the kitchen or bedrooms. This also means setting limits based on the child's age or time of day. Its recommended that screens should be limited an hour before bedtime as it can interfere with sleep.  For older children charging of devices should NOT be done in bedrooms so sleep won't be interrrupted or distract before bedtime. Having the conversation with your partner early about the purpose of media and screen time within your family helps sets the stage for the future. Every child and every family will have a different media plan. Be realistic about your families needs. 

• And always MODEL the behavior you want from your children with media use. They are watching everything you do. For young children it is helpful to narrate what you are doing when you are on your phone or computer. As adults we frequently use our devices for work or other necessary times and saying “Mommy needs to answer this email to her client right now but will be able to play once I’m finished” will help young children put a context and purpose to what you are doing. 

How to Utilize the new iOS 12 Parental Controls

Apple’s newest iOS 12 update is changing the way we use screen time in a positive way. These new features will provide you and your child with vital feedback about how much screen time you're actually using and makes it easy to set limits and privacy setting. Some of these features will be similar to family sharing (if you’ve set one up) but there are added features in this newest update that combine everything into one place under settings. Setting limits and content & privacy restrictions can be done in 2 different ways: set up family sharing and control the device remotely, or you can set limits directly on the kids device with a password- protected code in settings. 

How do you utilize the parental controls in Apple’s new iOS 12 update?

Step 1: Head to settings and scroll down to ScreenTime. 

Step 2: Set your Usage: This will show how much time was spent on the device and where and when (time of day) the device was being used. Most interestingly it shows information regarding your usage based on the categories (social networking, entertainment, etc.) and the specific app itself (Instagram, Fortnite, etc.). You can also see how many notifications the device received and where from.  

Step 3: App Limits: App limits can be set for specific apps or for an entire category of app (such as Entertainment or social networking). Limits can also be set for “All Apps & Categories” as well. Once a limit has been set the user will receive a notification 5 minutes before the limit expires. Once they hit the time restriction, they can request more time from you. If you set a time limit for yourself you can choose to ignore the limit for that day or set 15 more minutes.  

TIP: Limits can be set for an entire category such as social networking or can be set directly onto the specific app itself (such as for Instagram).

TIP: For older kids the goal should be for them to set their own limits. These new features allow you to start the conversation about how much time is being spent on their device and how that might be affecting the online/offline balance on their lives (i.e. the struggle to get their homework done). The Family Media Plan should also be looked at and revised if necessary with kids goals. If you allow kids to set their own goals they will have more ownership of them and less arguments about screen-limits. 

Step 4: Schedule Downtime: This feature allows you to set time away. You can specify which apps are allowed during this time (phone calls will still be available). This feature is ideal for helping to set a healthy bedtime routine. If your kid uses a sound machine app to help them fall asleep you can allow just that app to be accessed during downtime. 

TIP: Most likely if your kids are older and have their own phones you will need to have a discussion with them about why you need to set downtime and include that research suggests turning off devices one hour before bedtime to help the mind wind down. This opens up time before bed for reading. Downtime can also be scheduled at meal times or other times during the day you don't want the device being used.

Step 5: Content & Privacy Restrictions: This is similar to the previous restrictions settings. Here you can control and block inappropriate content, iTunes and App purchases can be limited. You can also set content restrictions or explicit music, podcasts & news, movies/TV Shows/ Books based on age (example you can set movies to G rated only). Websites can be limited to specific websites you set (for younger kids) or limit adult websites (for older children). Siri can have limits set for explicit language. And finally game center can have limits for adding friends, not allowing screen recordings and not allowing multiplayer games. Under privacy settings location services can be turned on as well for your child’s safety so you can see where they are. 

TIP: Younger users would benefit from limits that aren’t appropriate and they could stumble upon. With older kids the best method for dealing with privacy settings will be a continued conversation about why a limit needs to be set or a setting turned on like location services. Making in-app purchases and gaming with friends is something that older children can earn through responsible technology use. As long as the conversation regarding media use remains open and ongoing, limits can be adjusted to fit the needs of the family and of the child. There will be natural periods of heavier and lighter media use and as long as a balance is reached then it shouldn’t be a problem.  

NOTE: I’d like to leave a quick note that although these parental features are helpful and will hopefully create less tantrums when device time is over, it is still important to mentor and provide guidance to our kids. As long as your kids use devices, ongoing conversations between you and your child will be necessary so that they can become competent digital users. As parents and educations we want our children to have the tools to navigate technology and become technological literate and good digital citizens.